Medvrstniško nasilje in ustrahovanje v otroštvu in adolescenci

Pregled

Abstract

Background: Bullying is a relatively common phenomenon in childhood and adolescence. The aim
of the present article is to present its prevalence, forms of presentation, consequences in terms
of child and adolescent mental health and to propose effective management by child and adolescent
mental health workers or pediatricians.
Methods: MEDLINE and GOOGLE SCHOLAR databases were searched for the key words “child and
adolescent”, “school bullying”, “school violence”, “identification”, “mental health”, “prevalence”
and “treatment”. The relevant review, meta-analysis and research articles were then selected. In
addition, known articles, books and studies were searched manually.
Conclusions: This article presents the various forms of peer violence in childhood and adolescence.
The factors influencing the development of bullying and the consequences of bullying on violent
children and the victims of their violence are highlighted, with an emphasis on the role and the interplay
of various factors that increase the risk for development of bullying (social environment,
media, various sources and types of disadvantages, parenting style and values, family influences
on the development of cognitive style, as well as constitutional and personality characteristics).
Clinical reccomendations for health professionals encountering children and adolescents who are
violent towards their peers and their victims are proposed.